SELECT 
  option_id, 
  option_type 
FROM 
  product_options 
WHERE 
  option_id IN (
    12033, 12540, 12580, 12583, 12933, 13066, 
    13735, 15352, 20688, 20856, 20858, 
    23619
  )

Query time 0.00058

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "8.85"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "product_options",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "option_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 12,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 12,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "7.65",
        "eval_cost": "1.20",
        "prefix_cost": "8.85",
        "data_read_per_join": "36K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "option_id",
        "option_type"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`goimagine`.`product_options`.`option_id` in (12033,12540,12580,12583,12933,13066,13735,15352,20688,20856,20858,23619))"
    }
  }
}