SELECT 
  company_id 
FROM 
  companies 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND status IN ('A', 'P', 'S', 'N')

Query time 0.00804

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "733.81"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "companies",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "idx_status"
      ],
      "key": "idx_status",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "status"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 3654,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 3654,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "using_index": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "368.41",
        "eval_cost": "365.40",
        "prefix_cost": "733.81",
        "data_read_per_join": "52M"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "company_id",
        "status"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`goimagine`.`companies`.`status` in ('A','P','S','N'))"
    }
  }
}