SELECT 
  product_descriptions.product_id, 
  product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description 
FROM 
  product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    410316, 410847, 413491, 414220, 415547, 
    416141, 418765, 420101, 422168, 430086, 
    430680, 434619, 436706, 438042, 441220, 
    443845, 451223, 452551, 454383, 456524, 
    458343, 459663, 461781, 462314
  ) 
  AND product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'

Query time 0.00124

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "19.99"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "lang_code"
      ],
      "key_length": "11",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 24,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 24,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "17.59",
        "eval_cost": "2.40",
        "prefix_cost": "19.99",
        "data_read_per_join": "122K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "lang_code",
        "short_description",
        "full_description"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "((`goimagine`.`product_descriptions`.`product_id` in (410316,410847,413491,414220,415547,416141,418765,420101,422168,430086,430680,434619,436706,438042,441220,443845,451223,452551,454383,456524,458343,459663,461781,462314)) and (`goimagine`.`product_descriptions`.`lang_code` = 'en'))"
    }
  }
}