SELECT 
  option_type as type, 
  option_id 
FROM 
  product_options 
WHERE 
  option_id IN (
    23568, 23572, 23571, 23570, 23569, 23567, 
    23566, 23565, 23564, 23563
  )

Query time 0.00067

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "6.71"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "product_options",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "option_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 10,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 10,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "5.71",
        "eval_cost": "1.00",
        "prefix_cost": "6.71",
        "data_read_per_join": "30K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "option_id",
        "option_type"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`goimagine`.`product_options`.`option_id` in (23568,23572,23571,23570,23569,23567,23566,23565,23564,23563))"
    }
  }
}